The town of Mukhalingam is located in the north
eastern corner of the state of Andhra Pradesh, near Orissa - 56 km north of Srikakulam, a
major railhead on the railroad between Vishakapatnam and Howrah. The ornate temple of Mukhalingeswara
(Madhukeswara) , and the Aniyanka Bhimeswara and Someswara
temples built in the Orissa style of architecture adorn this village.
Mukhalingam - then known as
Kalinganagara was the capital of the early eastern Gangas (of Orissa). The eastern Gangas
are said to have ruled Andhra Desa in the second half of the 1st millennium CE. Anantavarman
Chodaganga of the Imperial Gangas, moved the capital to Cuttack, on the banks of
the river Mahanadi. Several grand temples in Bhubaneswar are attributed to the Gangas.
The Mukhalingeswara temple: A massive
gateway flanked by lions marks the entrance to the outer prakara of the Mukhalingeswara
temple. A Nandi Mandapa is situated in front of the sanctum in the outer
prakara. The entrance to the innter prakara contains beautiful friezes. There are eleven
shrines in the inner prakara, each of them being a temple in itself. The entrance to the
main temple from the south and from the east in the inner prakara are acclaimed to be
artistic marvels. The niches in the outer wall of the temple contain beautifully sculpted
images and perforated windows, all these features making this temple a veritable art
gallery of sorts. It is believed to have been built during the period of the King Kamarnava
(941-976 CE).
The Someswara Temple: The
simplicity of architecture (blanketed by the grandeur of sculpture) has led archeologists
to conclude that this is the earliest of the Mukhalingam temples. This temple is located
in the outskirts of the village of Mukhalingam. The niche images here carry exquisite
sculptures. Each niche is flanked by two smaller niches, and in each of these are exquite
sculptures. The doorway of the temple bears images of the Ganga and the Yamuna on either
side.
Aniyanka Bhimeswara Temple: This
temple was built slightly later than the Mukhalingeswara temple during the period of King Aniyanka
Bhima (979-1014 CE). This temple is very plain compared to the grandeur of the
Mukhalingeswara temple. The devakoshtas here bear images of Bhrama, Narasimha and
Dakshinamurthy.
See Also:
Simhachalam
Abodes of Shiva
Sree Sailam
Sree Kalahasti